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Publications and White Papers


Is Human Factors a Dirty Word.pdf
White paper discussing assessing the qualifications of many purported “experts” in the field of human factors. Insights into what actually constitutes a human factors professional in terms of education, training, professional certification, and other topics are presented.
When to Warn and When Not To 10-04.pdf
Deficiency or lack of warning in product liability litigation.
Products Liability Standards for the Duty to Warn-When to Warn.pdf
A look at the duty to warn of product dangers from both legal and engineering perspective. Discusses research and legal requirements for content of warnings and factors determining whether to warn or not.
Behavioral Adaptation Why safety features don't always increase safety.pdf
Individuals often react to perceived safety enhancements in a compensatory fashion and adopt riskier behaviors based on the perception that the environment has become safer. Unfortunately, the perceptions of increased safety due to a design changc may not match reality.
Behavioral Adaptation--Why safety features don't always increase safety.pdf
Individuals often react to perceived safety enhancements in a compensatory fashion and adopt riskier behaviors based on the perception that the environment has become safer. Unfortunately, the perceptions of increased safety due to a design changc may not match reality.
Capability of the human visual system.pdf
A critical review of the performance of the human visual system (HVS). Myths and realities of human vision are examined to show where some assumptions used by equipment designers are not based on real capabilities or limitations.
Dichoptic Image Fusion in Human Vision System.pdf
Paper regarding the capability of the human visual system to combine the image when different information is provided to each eye.
Driver Detection of Roadside Obstacles at Night.pdf
Oftentimes vehicular accidents involve collisions, not between two vehicles on the roadway, but between a vehicle which departs from the roadway and a vehicle parked on the shoulder. In many such cases, the striking party will maintain that they were in control of their vehicle at all times, but were simply unable to detect the parked vehicle due to lack of illumination or inadequate warning of its presence.
Driver Response to Roadside Obstacles.pdf
It is often contended in court cases that a prudent driver when encountering obstacles adjacent to the side of a roadway (e.g., a stopped vehicle or pedestrian) will decrease their speed of travel and/or shift their lane position in order to allow greater margin of safety. A search of the available literature, however, has not produced any validation that this assertion is in fact true, or a quantification of the level of such avoidance maneuvers.
Falls From Aerial Lifts.pdf
Falling from an aerial work platform is one of the most common lifting equipment accidents. Avoiding falls involves proper use of equipment, adherence to ANSI and OSHA standards and regulations during operation, and common sense work habits.
I Fell, Ergo I Slipped.pdf
Paper dealing with issues regarding slip resistant walking/working surfaces and an examination of the mechanics of human slips, trips, and falls.
Industrial Flooring.pdf
Article providing guidance on development of a strategy focusing on the design, selection and maintenance of flooring, reducing safety problems such as slips, trips and falls.
Injuries and the Experienced Worker 09-04.pdf
While many industrial accidents involve workers who often have an inadequate appreciation or the potential dangers in their workplace, a substantial number of these cases involve older, more experienced workers who "should have known better". The potential cause of this apparent paradox is complex, but may have an impact on the nature of both product design and workplace safety training.
Inside the Regs Outside the Envelope 08-05.pdf
Many pilots believe that if they comply with the letter of the FAA’s 8-hour “Bottle to Throttle” rule, they are safe to fly. The truth is far more complex.
Is Safer Really Safer.pdf
Since advanced technology alone seems to be inadequate to prevent accidents, then it seems logical that attention should focus on the "human factors" that might influence accident rates in technically advanced aircraft.
Seeing versus Perceiving June 2006.pdf
A seemingly critical question with regard to investigating an accident or in any subsequent litigation is, "Was it visible?" where "it" refers to the object that could/should have been noticed that would have prevented the subject accident. While this question has some merit, a more crucial question in most cases is, "Would it have been perceived?"
Technologically Advanced Aircraft - Is Safer Really Safer.pdf
Does the selection of a technologically safer aircraft lead to increased pilot risk-taking?
Cell phone risks.pdf
The debate currently raging around cellphone use by drivers is a highly emotional one. Despite the amount of research available on the topic, oftentimes reality is ignored in favor of under rhetoric. The actual data needs to be examined in a practical, rather than theoretical evaluation of this topic.
Effect of Marking Paint on Walking Surface Slip Resistance.pdf
Study of effects on slip resistance of typical parking lot and sidewalk paints under wet and dry conditions.
Ergonomics Chapter.pdf
Book chapter discussing a variety of industrial ergonomics issues which may arise in the manufacturing environment.
Handedness and Motor Programming Effects ofManual Control and Movement.pdf
Air Force technical report dealing with studies into the nature of the difference between performance with the preferred versus the nonpreferred hand. Also looks into the nature of the human movement control/motor programming process.
In-Vehicle Cell Phones---Fatal Distraction, Yes or No.pdf
Debate regarding the issue of cell phone use on American roadways is extremely prevalent, emotionally charged, and almost completely lacking in any real data. The actual data regarding the impact of cell phones on driving behavior is actually far more moderate than the rhetoric implies.
In-Vehicle Cell Phones--Fatal Distraction.pdf
Debate in the popular press regarding the issue of cell phone use on American roadways is extremely prevalent, emotionally charged, and almost completely devoid of real data. In many cases, those studying the issue have a much more moderate position.
In-Vehicle Cell Phones--Smoke, But Where's the Fire.pdf
Estimated percentage of fatal auto accidents occur in part because of driver distraction. Most distractions have little to do with use of cell phones.
Macro-ergonomic Approach to Managing Slips and Falls in the Workplace.pdf
This paper explores the human factors of slips and falls, traditional organizational culture associated with slip and fall prevention and offer a practical proactive systems analysis model of prevention that includes participation of all major stakeholders inside and outside the organization.
Slip Sliding Away - Slip Resistance of Athletic Socks on Indoor Flooring.pdf
What are the effects of wearing athletic socks on floor slip resistance? Does the presence of water make a difference?
Slip Sliding Away II - Slip Resistance of Dress Socks on Indoor Flooring.pdf
What are the effects of wearing dress socks on floor slip resistance? Does the presence of water make a difference?
Comparative Evaluation of Subsystem Control and Cursor Posiitioning Methodologies for Aircraft Usage.pdf
Air Force technical report comparing a number of different data input methods for use in aircraft cockpit environments.
Using Cluster Analysis for Deriving Menu Structures for Automotive Mobile Multimedia Applications.pdf
Describes using cluster analysis technique to support menu interface design for multifunction devices.
Utilizing the Human, Machine, and Environment Matrix in Investigations.pdf
How to consolidate information from accident investigations to maximize the ability to see patterns and identify potential issues of concern.
Comparison of Voice and Multifunction Controls--Logic Design is the Key.pdf
Evaluation of the relative merits of button operated multifunction controls and voice recognition systems.
Frequency of Use of Automotive Stereo Controls.pdf
The primary determinants of control location are human physiological limitations, spatial relationship to the functions controlled, functional groupings, sequential arrangements, and priority of usage/frequency of use. This paper describes a study designed to evaluate the relative frequency of use of the controls available on automotive stereo products.
Utilizing the Human Machine and Environment Matrix.pdf
How to consolidate information from accident investigations to maximize the ability to see patterns and identify potential issues of concern.
Comparison of Various Control and Cursor Positioning Methods for Use in Fighter Aircraft.pdf
Master’s Thesis comparing a number of different data input methods for use in aircraft cockpit environments.
Usage Patterns of Automotive Stereo Controls.pdf
Study evaluating the relative frequency of use of the controls available on automotive stereo products.
An Objective Quantification of Limited-Area Smoke Screens Against Airborne Attacks.pdf
A study dealing with camouflage, and its ability to cloud the vision and perception of observers.
Effect of Scene Content and Field of View on Weapons Delivery Training.pdf
Early study dealing with the effects of differing levels of scene content on aircrew training of precision flight maneuvers.
Effect of Three-Dimensional Object Type and Density in Simulated Low-level Flight Tech Report.pdf
Technical Report focusing on the effect of type and density of objects on the ground on pilot’s ability to discern and maintain altitude at low levels.
Effect of Three-Dimensional Object Type and Density in Simulated Low-level Flight.pdf
Conference paper detailing a study focusing on the effect of type and density of objects on the ground on pilot’s ability to discern and maintain altitude at low levels.
Electronic Enhancement for the Fighter Aircraft Cockpit.pdf
Technical Report focusing on the effect of type and density of objects on the ground on pilot’s ability to discern and maintain altitude at low levels.
MAGIC 1--A Study of Manual vs Vocal Control Under Heavy Task Loading.pdf
Study comparing the effectiveness of a voice activated control system with that of a multifunction control panel utilizing a branch control logic under conditions of heavy manual-visual task loading.
Quantification of Limited-Area Smoke Screens Against Airborne Attacks.pdf
Another paper dealing with camouflage and the difficulty of detecting partially obscured targets.
Target Designation by Speech, Joystick and Touch Control--Format Design Implications.pdf
Discusses experiment comparing three different methods of positioning cursors on an interactive display device for use in future aircraft cockpits.
Voice I-O Effectiveness Under Heavy Task Loading.pdf
Study compares relative effectiveness of different means of cockpit data acquisition and input under conditions of heavy manual/visual task loading.

   
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